Furniture was maybe a couple of stools, a trunk for bedding, and a few cooking pots. A fire burned in a hearth in the centre of the hut, so the air was permanently eye-wateringly smoky. Inside the hut, a third of the area was penned off for the animals, which lived in the hut with the family. and daub close daub Plaster, clay, or another substance used for coating a surface, especially when mixed with straw., with a thatch close thatch A roof covering made of straw. A peasant's hut was made of wattle close wattle A framework for a wall or fence made from woven twigs. Peasant homes were small, often just made up of one room. These peasants were able to move round from one village to another and did not have the same restrictions on them as villeins did. Some peasants were called freemen close freemen Freemen were a minority of peasants who had the right to move around the country and work on different pieces of land. Life could be hard if crops failed to produce enough food, people faced starvation. Villeins worked on strips of land, spread out in different fields across the village. In return for being allowed to farm the land they lived on, villeins had to give some of the food they grew each year to the lord. If they wanted to move, or even get married, they needed the permission of the lord first. were peasants who were legally tied to land owned by a local lord. They worked and lived in land owned by a lord and were not allowed to leave without the lord’s permission. Villeins close villeins Peasants who were at the bottom of the feudal system. In medieval society, most people lived in villages and most of the population were peasants. A night watchman would patrol the streets to look out for criminals or wild animals to keep townspeople safe. The city gates were shut at dusk and the bell was rung for curfew. The accused would have to pick up a stone from a pot of boiling water and people believed that if the person was innocent, God would heal the wounds within three days. If someone was accused of a crime such as stealing, one of the ways they might have to prove their innocence was through a trial by boiling water. The town was run by powerful people such as merchants and lords, while the crafts workers and traders made their living in the bustling markets.Ĭrime was common in towns. People often shared their homes with their livestock, but none of these animals were house-trained. So people discarded their waste in the streets or local rivers. Although housing did improve during the period, there was no sewage system. Townspeople would attend their first religious mass of the day. At dawn, a bell would ring to begin the day. These towns were crowded, noisy and smelly. New towns developed around religious buildings, castles or trade routes. They had a hard life working all day on farms owned by nobles. Narrator: Most people in medieval England were farming peasants who lived in villages in the countryside.
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